GLP-1 agonists include medications such as tirzepatide (Mounjaro) and semaglutide (Ozempic, Wegovy, Rybelsus). They are prescription only medications that may be prescribed by a qualified healthcare professional for people with type two diabetes, or to facilitate weight loss. One of the main ways they work is by slowing the rate at which food leaves the stomach (delayed gastric emptying).
I am taking the pill. Will using a GLP-1 agonist affect my contraception?
This depends on the type of GLP-1 agonist that you are using. If you are using tirzepatide you should use a barrier method of contraception (e.g. condoms) in addition to your pill for four weeks after starting the medication, and for four weeks after any increase in dose. This is because tirzepatide works slightly differently to the other GLP-1 agonists. Alternatively, you may wish to consider another (non-oral) method of contraception whilst using tirzepatide. There is currently no evidence that semaglutide, exenatide, liraglutide, dulaglutide or lixisenatide reduce the effectiveness of oral contraception (i.e. the combined pill, or the progestogen only pill/ “mini-pill”).
I have diarrhoea and vomiting with my GLP-1 agonist, and I take the contraceptive pill, what should I do?
Diarrhoea and vomiting are common side effects of the GLP-1 agonists and can reduce the effectiveness of the pill. If vomiting occurs within three hours of taking the contraceptive pill, or severe diarrhoea occurs for more than 24 hours, you should follow the guidance for missed pills. You should consider an alternative non-oral method of contraception or the addition of condoms if diarrhoea or vomiting persists.
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FSRH Patient Information Leaflet
